UL 9540A
UL9540A is an evaluation method for flame propagation of energy storage device under thermal runaway state. It obtains fire and dedetonation risk data through thermal runaway and thermal spread of energy storage system. The standard provides a systematic assessment of thermal runaway and propagation in energy storage systems at the cell level, module level, cabinet level and installation level. The data from the tests can be used to design fire prevention methods to mitigate the resulting hazards. For energy storage systems,UL 9540A test data provides an important basis for the verification of NFPA 68 and NFPA 69.
Cell Level Test
The battery cell is heated and triggered thermal runaway in a constant volume combustion bomb, and the composition of the thermal runaway gas is analyzed by gas phase chromator, and then the explosion limit, explosion pressure and combustion rate of the thermal runaway gas are tested. Thus, a comprehensive risk analysis report of the cell is produced.
Module level Test
The cell is heated in the module and triggers thermal runaway and causes thermal spread to other cells, and the gas released by the module after thermal runaway is fully analyzed by a variety of precision gas analysis instruments, available online Data such as hydrogen content, total hydrocarbon gas content, heat release rate and chemical heat release rate of the module, flue gas density, toxic gas content are measured to produce a comprehensive risk analysis report of the module.
Cabinet Level Test
Heat the cell inside the module installed in the battery cabinet and trigger thermal runaway and cause heat spread to other cells, through a variety of precision gas analysis instruments, the gas released by the module after thermal runaway A comprehensive analysis can be performed to measure the hydrogen content, total hydrocarbon gas content, heat release rate of the module and chemical heat release rate, flue gas density, toxic gas content, etc., to produce a comprehensive risk analysis report of the battery cluster.
Installation level Test
Used to evaluate the effectiveness of sprinkler fire and firefighting systems installed in accordance with code requirements. The data from the tests can be used to design fire prevention methods to mitigate the resulting hazards.